Moreover, in the year 1662 he bestowed on the society
a charter in which he styled himself its founder and patron;
presented it with a silver mace to be borne before the president
on meeting days; and gave it the use of the royal arms for a
seal. Nor did his concern for its welfare cease here. He was
frequently present at its meetings, and occasionally witnessed,
and assisted "with his own hands," in the performance of
experiments. Some of these were of a singularly interesting
character; amongst which may be mentioned infusion of the blood
of an animal into the veins of a man. This took place in the
year 1667, the subject being one Arthur Coga, a minister poor in
worldly substance, who, in exchange for a guinea, consented to
have the operation performed on him. Accordingly two surgeons of
great skill and learning, named Lower and King, on a certain day
injected twelve ounces of sheep's blood into his veins. After
which he smoked an honest pipe in peace, drank a glass of good
canary with relish, and found himself no worse in mind or body.
And in two days more fourteen ounces of sheep's blood were
substituted for eight of his own without loss of virility to him.
Nor were experiments in vivisection unknown to the Royal Society,
as it was called, for the "Philosophical Transactions" speak of a
dog being tied through the back above the spinal artery, thereby
depriving him of motion until the artery was loosened, when he
recovered; and again, it is recorded that Dr.
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